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Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Arequipa historic centre is the architectural treasure of colonial Peru.
Since the foundation in 1540, the historical centre of Arequipa remained almost intact. An immense chessboard of low buildings, because of the many earthquakes suffered by the city, endowed with some fine colonial churches and mansions that all conserve their architectural identity. Most of these buildings are constructed from white volcanic sillar, cut from the surrounding mountains. This is the 'arequipeño' style, a colonial-mestizo architecture formed towards the end of the 17th century, a blend of Italian Spanish baroque and Andean creativity, and characterised by archways, courtyards and façades by the intricate Baroque decorations. The pearl-white walls of mansions and churches glimmer under the sun's producing a magnificent glow contrasting with the bright blue sky. With the ever-present Misti eternally watching over the city.
Arequipa, Colonial architecture |
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Plaza de Armas, the main square.
This is the focal point of the city, large and square it is surrounded on three sides by porticoes of sillar and buildings in colonial style, the majestic Cathedral closes the square prospective. In the centre of the plaza is located a fountain with a small statue called ‘Tuturutú’.
Arequipa magnificent Cathedral occupies the entire Northern side of the Main Square.
The cathedral San Francisco of Arequipa is entirely built (and rebuilt after the seisms) in sillar (volcanic white
stone) in neo-renaissance style, it exhibit an imposing facade with 70 columns, three doors and two arches.
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Cathedral
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Close by there is the beautiful Jesuit Church of La Compañía, built during the 17th century it is a beautiful example of Colonial baroque blended with "mestizo" style. Survived to the many earthquakes it is the only edifice that conserves the purest mestizo style. Its main front of carved stone, filigree in ‘sillar’, has lots of ornamentations with indigenous influence and symbolism. The interior with unique nave has three Baroque golden altars, colonial pictures and a beautiful carved wooden pulpit.
At one side of the Iglesia de la Compañía, it is located the Claustro de la Compañía (1660) with beautiful arches of sculpted sillar, and a nice fountain in the centre; also called Pasaje Romaña, at the moment
it is occupied by shops.
Claustro de la Compañía |
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The church of San Francisco (1569) in a small square filled with lots of stalls selling local craft. The combination of sillar and brick gives it a beautiful aspect. The inner courtyard of the monastery serves as a formal and informal artisan market
On one side there is the Templo de la Tercera Orden (1775-1777). Its front is beautiful adorned with sculptures.
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San Francisco church
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Temple of Saint Augustine reminds a Mexican Church. The façade shows the splendour of the mestizo architecture of the XVI and XVII centuries and it is adorned with very stylised flowers and leaves, being an example of the Arequipa ornamental art. Its main entrance is also sculpted with decorations and figures made with ‘sillar’.
Franciscan convent la Recoleta. With simple and austere cloisters covered with tiled
roofs it has a library of more than a 20.000 old books. The oldest book dates from 1494.
A small museum houses lots of works of art from before and after the
conquistadores era. Some displayed objects were collected by the Franciscan missionaries
from the Indian tribes that lived in the rain forest.
Saint Augustine |
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Arequipa owns beautiful colonial houses form the 17th and the 18th century. They are all built in sillar, with one floor and vaulted roofs, big patios, and doors with artistically sculpted lintels. Many of them have been acquired by private institutions and they are beautifully restored and
maintained.
Casa Ricketts, the old headquarters of the Seminar of San Jerónimo, also called Palacio Tristán del Pozo was built in 1738. It has a splendid façade; its finely carved entrance has a large door flanked by pillars. The ample and immense courtyards are decorated with stone carvings guarded by gargoyles with feline features. There are three windows on the front and a Jesuit monogram carved in sillar is found in the upper part of the gate.
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Casa Ricketts
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